Welcome!

Benvenuti in queste pagine dedicate a scienza, storia ed arte. Amelia Carolina Sparavigna, Torino

Tuesday, February 19, 2019

Monday, February 18, 2019

a Martian mystery

A remote Curiosity rover hack just helped crack a Martian mystery
Curiosity was sent to the Red Planet to search for life. Until researchers on Earth tweaked its innards and made it detect whiskers of Martian gravity.
By ROBIN ANDREWS

"While one Martian rover, Opportunity, has died, its younger cousin Curiosity has just solved a mystery. It measured tiny changes in the Red Planet’s gravity, allowing its mission team back home at NASA to understand how a huge, 3.4-mile high mountain the rover is exploring, had formed. ... "

Tuesday, February 12, 2019

Monday, February 11, 2019

Spins and Dominos

Physicists Found a Brand-New Kind of Magnet Hiding in a Uranium Compound
https://www.livescience.com/64729-new-uranium-singlet-magnet.html

"Under normal circumstances, the magnetic moments in a bar of iron become aligned gradually, without sharp transitions between magnetized and unmagnetized states. In a singlet-based magnet, the jump between states is sharper. Spin excitons, usually temporary objects, become stable when they cluster together. And when those clusters form, they start a cascade. Like dominoes falling into place, spin excitons fill the entire substance very quickly and suddenly, and align with one another.
That's what seems to be happening in USb2."

Archaeoastronomical analysis of the Roman Colonia Marciana Ulpia Traiana Thamugadi (Timgad) , founded at the sunrise of Trajan's Birthday

Archaeoastronomical analysis of the Roman Colonia Marciana Ulpia Traiana Thamugadi (Timgad) , founded at the sunrise of Trajan's Birthday



It was told that the Roman Colonia Marciana Ulpia Traiana Thamugadi (Timgad in Algeria), founded in 100 AD, had been oriented to the sunrise on the day of Trajan’s birthday, given as September 18. This Gregorian date corresponds to September 17 of the Julian Calendar. Here we use software such as CalSKY and Stellarium to investigate the sunrise azimuth and compare it to the direction of the decumanus of the Roman town.  After the archaeoastronomical analysis we can conclude that the assertion concerning the orientation of Timgad to the sunrise of the day of Trajan’s birthday could be true.


Sunday, February 10, 2019

Foibe

https://www.focus.it/cultura/storia/che-cosa-furono-i-massacri-delle-foibe

"Esattamente quattordici anni fa, nel 2005, gli italiani furono chiamati per la prima volta a celebrare il «Giorno del Ricordo», in memoria dei quasi ventimila nostri fratelli torturati, assassinati e gettati nelle foibe (le fenditure carsiche usate come discariche) dalle milizie della Jugoslavia di Tito alla fine della seconda guerra mondiale. La memoria delle vittime delle foibe e degli italiani costretti all'esodo dalle ex province italiane della Venezia Giulia, dell’Istria, di Fiume e della Dalmazia è un tema che ancora divide. Eppure quelle persone meritano, esigono di essere ricordate."

Saturday, February 9, 2019

Da Petrarca a Shakespeare

Passa la nave mia colma d’oblio
per aspro mare, a mezza notte il verno,
enfra Scilla et Caribdi; et al governo
siede ’l signore, anzi ’l nimico mio.
A ciascun remo un penser pronto et rio
che la tempesta e ’l fin par ch’abbi a scherno;
la vela rompe un vento humido eterno
di sospir’, di speranze, et di desio.
Pioggia di lagrimar, nebbia di sdegni
bagna et rallenta le già stanche sarte,
che son d’error con ignorantia attorto.
Celansi i duo mei dolci usati segni;
morta fra l’onde è la ragion et l’arte,
tal ch’incomincio a desperar del porto.

My ship, full of oblivion, sails
on a bitter sea, at winter’s midnight,
between Scylla and Charybdis: at the helm
sits that Lord, or rather my enemy.
At each oar there’s a cruel eager thought,
that scorns the tempest and its end:
the sail’s torn by an eternal moist wind
of sighs, of hopes, and of desire.
A rain of tears, a mist of disdain
drench and slacken the already tired shrouds,
woven from error and ignorance.
My two usual guiding lights are so hidden:
reason and art so drowned by the waves,
that I begin to despair of finding harbour.

http://www.theserendipityperiodical.it/2018/05/15/il-sonetto-influenze-da-petrarca-a-shakespeare/

"Quello che risulta curioso dell’influenza di Petrarca sul poeta elisabettiano è il lungo giro che permise la diffusione del genere sul suolo britannico e portò alla nascita di una delle opere più studiate in lingua inglese, i sonetti shakespeariani. Hyland [3] fa notare come il bardo iniziò a scrivere tali composizioni negli anni 90 del XVI secolo dando un importante contributo a una forma che esisteva in quel contesto da poco più di cinquant’anni. Quasi sicuramente l’elisabettiano non lesse mai l’opera in italiano e forse non conobbe mai l’origine di questa forma che gli assicurò una larga fortuna. Infatti, colui che importò il sonetto nella prima metà del ‘500 fu il diplomatico Sir Thomas Wyatt a cui si deve l’introduzione del distico finale rimato che cambia la struttura del sonetto, “making it tends towars a neat conclusion in the final two lines”. .... "

Non escludo che il Bardo abbia letto Petrarca in Italiano. 

Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimm’d;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance or nature’s changing course untrimm’d;
But thy eternal summer shall not fade
Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;
Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou growest:
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
So long lives this and this gives life to thee.

Dovrei paragonarti a un giorno d'Estate?
Tu sei più amabile e più tranquillo.
Impetuosi venti scuotono le tenere gemme di Maggio,
E il corso dell'estate ha fin troppo presto una fine.
Talvolta troppo caldo splende l'occhio del cielo,
E spesso la sua pelle dorata s'oscura;
Ed ogni cosa bella la bellezza talora declina,
spogliata per caso o per il mutevole corso della natura.
Ma la tua eterna estate non dovrà svanire,
Né perder la bellezza che possiedi,
Né dovrà la morte farsi vanto che tu vaghi nella sua ombra,
Quando in eterni versi nel tempo tu crescerai:
Finché uomini respireranno o occhi potran vedere,
Queste parole vivranno, e daranno vita a te.

Mars Rover Named in Honor of Scientist Rosalind Franklin

European Mars Rover Named for Crystal Scientist Rosalind Franklin
By Meghan Bartels, Space.com Senior Writer | February 7, 2019 02:20pm ET
 
The European Space Agency (ESA) has named its next Mars rover, due to touch down on the Red Planet in March 2021, in honor of British scientist Rosalind Franklin, whose research was crucial to scientists' determining the structure of DNA.

https://www.space.com/43259-exomars-rover-named-for-rosalind-franklin.html

"James Watson and Francis Crick used her research without permission and with little credit when publishing their model of the structure of DNA in 1953. In Watson's book "The Double Helix," which shaped the narrative around the discovery of the structure of DNA for decades, he painted a vituperative picture of Franklin, whom he referred to as "Rosy." She died in 1958 at age 37, and her work went mostly unacknowledged until the 1990s."