Kofun (Japan) in Satellite Maps

 Japanese Kofun in Maps given by a Spaceborne Digital Elevation Model based on Multiple Satellite Data Sets

In the proposed discussion we stress the possibility to use maps from Spaceborne Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) to analyze the locations of Kofun, the ancient tombs in Japan. Some of these tombs have the form of very large tumuli. The  Digital Elevation Model here used is that proposed by Yamazaki, Ikeshima, Tawatari, Yamaguchi, O'Loughlin, Neal, Sampson, Kanae and Bates, in the Geophysical Research Letters, 2017, and implemented at the web site it-ch.topographic-map.com . On Kofun and their orientation, a large literature in Japanese exists: we will give references about related archaeoastronomical studies too. Details about the burial chambers in the kofun having a keyhole-shape are given. The presence of two burial chambers inside is giving a direction coherent with the long axis of the tumulus. We will also recommend the reading of detailed discussions (in Italian), that have been provided by G. Poncini in the Enciclopedia dell' Arte Antica  (1995) and M. Hudson about archaeology in Japan 2002.  Literature on the funerary rituals of the Kofun Period are also proposed.

https://it-ch.topographic-map.com

Contents: Introduction - Early Japan - La tomba dell’ Uji No Kami (in Italian and English) - Orientation of zenpōkōen kofun (first part) - DEM Maps - Orientation of zenpōkōen kofun (second part) - Due North, facing South - Due South, facing North - Keyholes in Arabia - Goshikizuka Kofun - Why two parts? - Princess Pimiko – Kofun Religion - Swords - Amaterasu (in Italian and English) -Yata no Kagami  - Ishikoridome no Mikoto - Magatama -  Insegne imperiali del Giappone - Torifune (in Italian and English) – The waves - Kofun (G. Poncini, in Italian) - Tipo Coreano (in Italian and English) -  Takamatsuzuka (archaeoastronomy) -  I cinque elementi (in Italian) - Shitennō and the four directions -  Three  periods (Britannica) - Late Kofun Period - Misemaruyama Kofun (見瀬丸山古墳) -  Modifying the nature - Keyhole Tombs in Korea - Pits and corridors - Kofun (tumulus) (古墳) from www.japanese-wiki-corpus.org/ - Yŏngsan River basin keyhole-shaped tumuli - The entrance - Gunshufun Tumuli and Kinship in Late kofun era - Pit-dwelling-style stone lined chamber at the square end - Nintoku-tenno-ryo Kofun – Ancestors - A cluster - Archaeology in Japan (M. Hudson, in Italian) - Land of Rising Sun - Mirrors in Kurozuka Kofun - Nakayama Otsuka Kofun and others - Funeral rites  - Misasagi - Archaic funerary rites – Asobibe -  Satellite and LiDAR - Discussion on orientation - Hopewell culture - References 

Karazuri - A ghost

Nishiki-e print with Karazuri; a work by Utagawa Toyokuni II (Toyoshige), 1825-1830, representing a ghost, Museo di Arte Orientale, Torino.


On Karazuri, read please
The Japanese art of using an inkless printing
http://ssrn.com/abstract=2747878

Roman jewelry in Japan

TOKYO —"Glass jewelry believed to have been made by Roman craftsmen has been found in an ancient tomb in Japan, researchers said Friday, in a sign the empire’s influence may have reached the edge of Asia."
http://www.japantoday.com/category/national/view/roman-jewelry-found-in-ancient-tomb-near-kyoto

Hokusai manga - fox

Hokusai manga

Museo Arte Orientale, Torino

Poems

Stampe xilografiche, Giappone, Periodo Edo

Museo Arte Orientale, Torino

Sugawara no Michizane

Sugawara no Michizane che cavalca un bufalo.

Utagawa Sadakage (attivo dal 1818-1844)

Sugawara no Michizane (845-903) venne divinizzato

come dio protettore delle lettere e della calligrafia.

Viene rappresentato spesso sotto fiori di susino a

cavallo di un bufalo, che lo accompagna durante

l'esilio dalla capitale.

Museo Arte Orientale

Hokusai manga - supernatural

The Hokusai Manga (北斎漫画) is a collection of sketches of various subjects by the Japanese artist Hokusai. Subjects of the sketches include landscapes, flora and fauna, everyday life and the supernatural... The Manga comprise literally thousands of images in 15 volumes, the first published in 1814, when the artist was 55. The final three volumes were published posthumously, two of them assembled by their publisher from previously unpublished material.
more Wiki

Museo Arte Orientale

Kongo Rikishi come Ercole

"Kongōrikishi are an interesting case of the possible transmission of the image of the Greek hero Heracles to East Asia along the Silk Road. Heracles was used in Greco-Buddhist art to represent Vajrapani, the protector of the Buddha, and his representation was then used in China and Japan to depict the protector gods of Buddhist temples. This transmission is part of the wider Greco-Buddhist syncretic phenomenon, where Buddhism interacted with the Hellenistic culture of Central Asia from the 4th century BC to the 4th century AD.*"
According to Wiki http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shukongoshin

* "The origin of the image of Vajrapani should be explained. This deity is the protector and guide of the Buddha Sakyamuni. His image was modeled after that of Hercules. (...) The Gandharan Vajrapani was transformed in Central Asia and China and afterwards transmitted to Japan, where it exerted stylistic influences on the wrestler-like statues of the Guardian Deities (Nio)." (Katsumi Tanabe, "Alexander the Great, East-West cultural contacts from Greece to Japan", p23)

Hokusai manga - cat

Un gatto di Hokusai

Museo Arte Orientale, Torino

The teacher appears

But lo! the teacher Jizô appears,
All gently he comes, and says to the weeping infants:
"Be not afraid, dears! be never fearful!
Poor little souls, your lives were brief indeed!
Too soon you were forced to make the weary journey to the Meido,
The long journey to the region of the dead!
Trust to me! I am your father and mother in the Meido,
Father of all children in the region of the dead."
And he folds the skirt of his shining robe about them;
So graciously takes he pity on the infants.
To those who cannot walk he stretches forth his strong shakujô,
And he pets the little ones, caresses them, takes them to his loving bosom.
So graciously he takes pity on the infants.
Namo Jizo Bosatsu!

The Legend of the Humming of the Sai-no-Kawara,
by Lafcadio Hearn (Koizumi Yakumo)